英美概况（第3版）_温洪瑞，李学珍编_9787560718330

《英美概况（第3版）》应当前教学需要，在参阅大量国内外文献资料的基础上，以马列主义立场、观点为指导进行取舍、整理和编排而成，并经过多年课堂试用和反复修改。全书共20课，每一课都附有知识性练习、讨论与思考题，每一课开头部分有内容提要，便于学生自学、理解和记忆。书后附有英美历史大事记、英王朝历代国王名表及任期、美国50州、美国历任总统名表及任期等，以便查阅。本教材可用作英语专业专、本科生教材，自学考试教材和英语爱好者的业余读物。经多年课堂试用，证明使用效果良好。

~2．Britain in World War T and Post—War Period
By the beginning of the 20th century，the world had entered the period of imperialism．Owing to the law of the uneven growth of capitalism，Germany and the U．S．became strong imperialist powers in the late 19th century and they，together with Japan，Italy，France and Russia competed with Britain for world domination．When the imperialist powers attempted to re-divide the world，an imperialist war was inevitable．
On the eve of World War I，two imperialist blocs had formed．Germany， Austria—Hungary and Italy formed the Triple Alliance and Britain，France and Russia were held together by a firm alliance known as the Triple Entente．
On June 28th 1914 the Austrian Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife were shot and killed by a young Yugoslav in Sarajevo．This incident was used as a pretext by Austria—Hungary to declare war against Serbia．On the side Of Austria—H ungary were Germany。Bulgaria and Turkey．Italy，though a mereber of the Triple Alliance，joined the Allies against the Central Powe~~．Four years of the imperialist war ended with the Allies victorious．
The War came to the end in 1918．During the war，nearly three million British soldiers were killed，wounded，or disabled．Seventy percent of her merchant ships were sunk or damaged．Britain had lost her sea supremacy by the end of the War．The situation at home was worse than it was during the prewar days．Though victorious，Britain came out of the War with a huge na
tional debt。ten times as large as that before the War．Business was slack，many factories were closed down and taxes were unbelievably heavy．
In 1920 and 1921，an economic crisis broke out for the first time since the end of the War．Industrial production dropped by 46 9／6 during the crisis．
The world economic crisis lasted from 1929 to 1933．It was the most seriOUS economic crisis that Britain had ever experienced．In the depression years，factories and mills closed down，banks failed and foreign trade shriveled．The number of unemployed people in 1932 reached three million．The total value of her export decreased to half the amount of the pre-war level。whereas her imPOrt doubled．Britain’S position in the capitalist world was further weakened．~

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